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WROUGHT COPPER ALLOYS

C10100 OXYGEN-FREE COPPER is produced by the direct conversion of selected refined cathodes under carefully controlled conditions to prevent any contamination of the pure oxygen-free metal during processing. C10100 Oxygen-Free Electronic Copper, also known as OFE, is a 99.99% pure copper with 0.0005% oxygen content. C10100 achieves a minimum 101% IACS conductivity rating. C10100 OFE has High ductility, high electrical and thermal conductivity and low volatility under high vacuum. C10100 copper is used for transistor component bases, high resistance-ratio cryogenic shunts, bus conductors, wave guides, hollow conductors, anodes for vacuum tubes, coaxial cable, coaxial tube, klystrons, microwave tubes, bus bars, lead-in wire, vacuum seals, conductors, glass-to-metal seals. C10100 Copper Conforms to ASTM B187 round bar and ASTM B152 for plate. 

C11000 ELECTROLYTIC TOUGH PITCH (ETP) COPPER is known for its high electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance and solderability. C11000 copper is used for welding fixtures, anodes, bus bar in electrical power installations, ground straps, commutators and current-carrying hardware. Its inherent fabrication qualities readily permit it to be bent, soldered, drilled, peened, riveted and formed to fit almost any design specification.  Copper is crucial for data centers, used extensively in power distribution, cabling, cooling, and switchgear due to its excellent electrical/thermal conductivity, reliability, and recyclability, with the massive power demands of AI fueling unprecedented growth in its use,  Copper's role in short-distance connections and critical infrastructure remains vital.

C14500 TELLURIUM COPPER is adapted for use in high-speed automatic screw machines. The copper tellurium precipitations become finely dispersed throughout the matrix and result in small chips enabling a much higher machining speed than with pure copper. C14500 tellurium copper has a machinability rating scale of 85%, compared to pure copper of 20%, ensuring longer tool life. Resistance to hydrogen embrittlement combined with its' high electrical and thermal conductivity make it the ideal choice for electrical applications requiring extensive machining and corrosion resistance. C14500 tellurium copper is ideal for complex, high-performance components in electrical, plumbing, and industrial sectors, including motor parts, switch components, electrical connectorsplumbing fittingswelding torch tipstransistor bases, and screw machine products. C14500 Copper Conforms to specification ASTM B301 , SAE J461, J463, B-124​​​

 

C36000 FREE-MACHINING BRASS is ideally suited for high-speed screw machining operations with its superior machinability, thread rolling and knurling characteristics. Its machinability rating of 100 is standard against which all other copper alloys are rated. It is easily soldered or brazed and has good resistance to corrosion. C36000 Free-Machining Brass is widely used for high-speed, automated production of small, complex parts, especially in plumbing (fittings, valves, faucets), hardware (nuts, bolts, gears, locks), automotive (fluid connectors, sensors), and electrical components. Conforms to specification ASTM B16, SAE J461, AMS 4610

 

C46400 NAVAL BRASS provides a high degree of corrosion resistance to seawater at even higher than normal temperatures while also assuring greater strength and rigidity. The addition of a small amount of tin to brass (copper and zinc) forms a category of alloys known as tin brasses, which are more resistant to dezincification (a form of corrosion) and exhibit improved strength, machinability, and corrosion resistance compared to standard brasses. C46400 Naval Brass is used in demanding environments like marine applications due to their enhanced durability and resistance to saltwater and stress corrosion cracking. It possesses an excellent capacity for hot working and adapts well to hot forging and pressing. This naval brass also lends itself to drawing, forming, bending and heading. It is readily soldered, brazed and welded. Typical applications include nuts, bolts, rivets, valve stems, pump shafts and marine hardware. Conforms to specification ASTM B21, SAE J461, AMS 4611, 4612, FEDERAL QQ-B-639, SAE J463

 

C51000 PHOSPHOR BRONZE has a higher yield strength than is readily available in most cast products. C51000 combines strength, toughness and good ductility with excellent resistance to fatigue. Phosphorus enhances bronze by improving its mechanical properties, such as strength, stiffness, and wear resistance, while also improving its fatigue resistance, low friction, and corrosion resistance. It increases the atomic-level diffusion of copper and tin, creating a stronger, more durable alloy. Typical applications for phosphor bronze include bearings, bushings, gears, pinions, shafts, thrust washers and valve parts. Can be readily brazed or soldered. Capacity for being cold worked is good. Conforms to specifications ASTM B139, QQ-B750, SAE J461, ASME SB171

 

C54400 PHOSPHOR BRONZE is an excellent wrought material for use in the manufacture of bearings. C54400 Phosphor Bronze is also free cutting due to its nominal 3.5% lead content. When annealed, the metal can be bent, formed, blanked and stamped. Like other phosphor bronze alloys, it is known for its toughness, strength, low coefficient of friction and fine grain.  C54400 Phosphor Bronze is used for high-performance parts needing strength, wear resistance, and conductivity, commonly found in bearingsbushings, gears, electrical connectors  and fasteners, thanks to its toughness, machinability, corrosion resistance, and low friction. It excels in demanding industrial, marine, and electrical applications like valve parts, shafts, and thrust washers. C54400 Phosphor Bronze conforms to specification ASTM B139

 

C61400 ALUMINUM BRONZE has a high tensile strength and a good yield along with an inherent toughness and ductility not usually found in a single alpha phase aluminum bronze. During the extrusion process for bar or in the rolling process for plate, the metal is hot worked resulting in a compact grain structure free of inclusions or other defects resulting in improved physical properties. C61400 Aluminum Bronze is used whenever good resistance to corrosion, erosion, abrasion, and cavitation-pitting is crucial. C61400 Aluminum Bronze is used for high-strength, corrosion-resistant applications, especially in marine, chemical processing, and heat exchange systems, favored for seawater piping, tube sheets, condensers, pump/valve components, and heavy-duty gears/bearings due to its excellent wear resistance, strength, and weldability, even in large, field-constructed items. C61400 Aluminum Bronze conforms to specifications SAE J461, ASTM B169, FEDERAL QQ-C-450, SAE J463, ASME SB169, ASME SB171, ASTM B169 and ASTM B171

C63000 NICKEL ALUMINUM BRONZE is an excellent choice for applications involving heavy loads, adhesive wear, friction, abrasive wear, and corrosion. The addition of nickel to aluminum bronze primarily improves yield strength, enhances corrosion resistance, and provides a stabilizing effect on the alloy's metallurgical structure without significantly diminishing its ductility or toughness. Nickel aluminum bronze alloys exhibit superior performance in aggressive marine environments due to a self-repairing oxide film, making them ideal for applications like marine propellers, pump components, and other high-performance parts. Alloy C63000 nickel aluminum bronze has gained wide acceptance in the aircraft industry for severe landing gear service in products such as strut bearings, main pistons, trunnion bearings and similar vital components. C63000 Nickel Aluminum Bronze conforms to specifications ASTM B150, AMS 4640, SAE J463, QQ-C-465B, ASME SB150, ASTM B-150, B-124, B-171, B-283, ASME SB171, ASTM B171, QQ-C-450 A, CuAl10Ni5Fe4

C63020 (MARTENSITIC) NICKEL ALUMINUM BRONZE is an extra-high-strength copper alloy, heat-treated for superior hardness, wear resistance, and heavy load capacity, making it ideal for demanding aerospace (landing gear), oil & gas, and marine applications requiring toughness, corrosion resistance, and good machinability, often replacing Beryllium Copper. This martensitic alloy achieves its strength through heat treatment, offering excellent performance in high-impact, abrasive, and high-temperature environments. C63020 (Martensitic) Aluminum Nickel Bronze is used for high-strength, heavy-duty parts needing exceptional wear resistance, corrosion protection, and load-bearing capacity, primarily in aerospace landing gear bushings/bearings, but also in marine hardware, oil & gas components, cryogenic valves, and heavy machinery bushings. C63020 Nickel Aluminum Bronze conforms to specifications AMS 4590, CuAl11Ni5Fe5

C63200 NICKEL ALUMINUM BRONZE is used for high-strength, corrosion-resistant parts in marine, naval (submarines, surface craft), aerospace, and industrial settings, especially where seawater or harsh fluids are present, making it ideal for valve stems/seatspump shafts, bodies, bearings, bushings, driveshafts, non-sparking tools for explosive environments (petrochemical, mining) and high-strength fasteners, due to its excellent strength and wear resistance in demanding environments. ​This Nickel Aluminum Bronze alloy is widely used by the US Navy for demanding seawater applications where Sub-Safe Level One quality is required. C63200 Nickel Aluminum Bronze conforms to specifications ASTM B150, ASTM B124, ASTM-B283, QQ-C-465, MIL-B-24059

 

C64200 SILICON ALUMINUM BRONZE is a non-magnetic alloy that has good fatigue strength and galling resistance. The addition of silicon to this aluminum bronze alloy gives it the highest machinability rating of bronzes and brasses without the addition of lead. The addition of silicon also enhances the alloy's strength and durability while increasing its resistance to corrosion, particularly in challenging environments like marine applications. Copper alloy C64200 has combined strength, corrosion and wear resistance and is a good choice for parts that require extensive machining. C64200 is used for high-strength, corrosion-resistant parts in automotive (valve guides), electrical (pole line hardware), and marine (hardware, fasteners) industries, plus general industrial uses like gears, cams, valve stems/bodies, and pump shafts. C64200 silicon aluminum bronze conforms to ASTM B150, ASTM B249, QQ-C-465, AMS 4634, SAE J461, SAE J463

 

C67300 SILICON MANGANESE BRONZE is a high strength leaded silicon manganese bronze with good bearing qualities. Adding silicon to manganese bronze significantly enhances its strength, corrosion resistance, and castability by improving its fluidity and reducing contraction during cooling. Silicon makes the alloy stronger and harder, particularly beneficial for high-stress applications and resistance to saltwater environments. This alloy maintains high impact resistance with excellent machinability making it well suited for clutch bearings, shaft bushings, sleeve bearings, thrust bearings, pump parts, drive shafts, bearing pins, wear plates, gears and cams. Resists squashing out under high loads and extreme wear applications. C67300 Manganese Bronze conforms to specifications SAE J461, SAE J463

 

C67500 MANGANESE BRONZE is a high strength leaded manganese bronze alloy that is strong, rigid and abrasion resistant. It is also an excellent brazing alloy. C67500 is often used for for high-strength, heavy-duty components in automotive, aerospace, marine, and industrial sectors, ideal for parts needing wear resistance and good corrosion resistance like valve stems/bodiespump rodsshaftingbearingsbushingsgearsfasteners, and clutch discs. C67500 possess hot working properties and can be die forged into valves, connectors and other components for military applications. C67500 Manganese Bronze conforms to specifications ASTM B138, QQ-B-728, SAE J461, SAE J463

 

C70600 (90/10) COPPER NICKEL The addition of copper to nickel, forming copper-nickel alloys, significantly enhances corrosion and erosion resistance, particularly in seawater, and improves solid solution strengthening and ductility. These alloys commonly referred to as Cupronickels are widely used in naval and marine applications, desalination, and power generation due to their durability and workability and have excellent corrosion resistance to brine water, organic compounds, salts and diluted non-oxidizing acids. This alloy is especially resistant to marine saltwater environments. C70600 copper nickel has additions of iron and manganese which is necessary to maintain good corrosion resistance. This alloy is especially suited for condenser plates, salt water pipe fittings, salt water piping systems, flanges and propeller sleeves. C70600 Copper Nickel conforms to specifications ASTM B171, ASME SB171, MIL-C-1726F, MIL-C-24679

 

C71500 (70/30) COPPER NICKEL has all the characteristics of C70600 (90/10) copper-nickel, but offers better corrosion resistance in high-velocity seawater. The operating temperature for C71500 (70/30) Cupronickel is also much higher than that of C70600 (90/10), which can assure a long and reliable service life for parts in these conditions. C71500 with its higher nickel content offers added corrosion and biofouling resistance for critical marine hardware, finding uses in seawater piping, heat exchangers, condensers, desalination plants, pump/valve components, and offshore hardware. C71500 Copper Nickel alloy conforms to specifications ASTM B171, ASME SB171, MIL-C-1726F, MIL-C-24679

WROUGHT COPPER ALLOY TOLERANCES: Wrought Copper Alloy Bar & Plate (UNS "C" 100 through 700 series of WROUGHT copper alloy numbers) are produced to size within a plus and minus tolerance per the ASTM standards. For example if you order a 1" dia. brass rod the OD tolerance will be +/-.002". If you are finishing to 1.000" OD or less, you will need to order the next OD size up for example 1.125" OD. For rolled (wrought) plate , for example,  1/2" thickness tolerance would be +/-.028". If you are finishing to 0.500" thickness or less you would need to order the next standard thickness up which for example may be 0.625" thick.

Wrought Extruded Bronze Bar
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What's Driving
Metal Prices

Factors creating the on-going surge in copper prices and base metal prices.

The U.S. imposed a 50% Section 232 tariff on the copper content of semi-finished and derivative copper products, effective August 1, 2025. These tariffs aim to bolster domestic production but create complexities for businesses in pricing, sourcing, and compliance, affecting global copper markets. 

In addition copper costs are soaring due to massive demand from the energy transition (EVs, renewables, grid) and AI data centers colliding with slow mine supply growth, production disruptions (labor, technical issues), aging mines, and government policies like tariffs, creating a structural supply deficit. 

Tin prices jumped to a record level due to a severe, ongoing global supply squeeze from mine disruptions (DRC, Myanmar, Indonesia) and increasing demand driven by its critical role in electronics (solder), green energy tech, and packaging, creating a significant market deficit and attracting speculative investment. Supply chain issues, including export permit delays and political instability in key producing regions, combined with growing recognition of tin's necessity for the energy transition, fueled a rally to multi-year highs in late 2025 and early 2026. 

Nickel prices are rising due to anticipated supply cuts from major producer Indonesia, tighter quotas, increased demand from stainless steel and EV battery sectors (despite some LFP shifts), speculative buying, and broader market strength in metals, with investors reacting to policy signals and potential disruptions.

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